Room Air Conditioner Units Perfect For Small Homes, Apartments

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For small spaces, a room air conditioner can be just the right type of cooling system to bring relief from the summer heat. The most common type of room air conditioners are rather small and are designed to either be installed into an exterior wall or into a window so that the unit has good ventilation and air flow. In recent years, portable air conditioning units have also been introduced, which feature a flexible hose for venting and casters for ease of movement to different rooms.

The purpose of air conditioning equipment for a room is to cool the air within a small, confined area and they are not intended to be used as a "whole house" air conditioning system. They are most often used in houses or apartments where people are renters; therefore, they are not permanently installed and can be removed and taken to a new location if the occupant moves.

Most of the room air conditioner units come with built-in control panels, either on the face of the unit or on the top near the front, positioned so that the user is able to easily see and adjust the controls. Typically, there are two sets of controls, one for adjusting the temperature setting and the other to control the fan velocity.

Most people are not aware that room air conditioning units do not "technically" cool a room. It is more correct to say that room air conditioners remove the heat from the air and then moves it elsewhere to where the unit has been vented.

A pressurized refrigerant, R-22, flows through the air conditioner unit when it is turned on. While the unit is on, the condenser will pull the refrigerant gas into the air conditioning system and then pressurize it, which raises the temperature of the gas. This heated, high-pressure gas travels next to the condenser coils, which are located on the outdoor portion of the unit where the fans distribute the heat that has collected.

The cooled gas then becomes condensed into a liquid, which moves to the interior part of the room air conditioner to the evaporator coils. At this point, these coils can absorb the heat that is in the room. The fan then moves the air throughout the unit. The thermostat controls the cycling of this process to maintain the desired temperature in the room.

Some room air conditioners have mechanical controls, such as knobs and push buttons. The newer air conditioning units are controlled with electronic touch-pads that tend to provide more functionality and can regulate the mode the units operate in, the temperature set point, a timer for automatic shut off and powering on, and various other conveniences, most of which are designed to make the unit as energy efficient as possible.

In order to provide consumers with some guidance in choosing the most energy efficient room air conditioner model, the US Department of Energy has created the Energy Star rating system, which can be seen at EnergyStar.gov. The rating is determined by dividing the BTUs (or cooling capacity of that model) by the average watts of electricity used to run the unit. To qualify for an Energy Star seal, the unit has to have an Energy Efficiency Rating (EER) that is a minimum of 10% higher than the average of similar models.

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